VIDEO SUBTITLE TRANSLATION PROCEDURES AND CHALLENGES: AN OVERVIEW

There are numerous varieties of translations, and one of them is the translation of subtitles which has its own characteristics. In this article, we will take a look at the history and development stages as well as some difficulties subtitle translators face when carrying out their work.

History

In order to make foreign films accessible to broader audiences, in the 1970s films dubbed into other languages were already being translated (subtitle) with commentaries added where appropriate. In America, these translations were performed by individuals who had perfect command of both English and another language given that there was no specialized industry providing such services at the time. However, due to changes in legislation concerning dubbing (films dubbed into different languages), it was not feasible such services would be offered to foreign film distributors for about a decade afterwards.

When dubbing was made possible again, the demands of the market were reflected in increasingly better translation quality. Tastes change and there is a need to translate anything from games, books or websites into other languages. The first specialized subtitle translation companies emerged in North America after the legislation liberalized when dealing with such content. These companies started by offering their services as subcontractors to others that were already active in the field of video subtitling – although they initially provided subtitles more for films than for movies since this type of work was not quite as difficult (there are less dialogues). Today, one can find some firms that specialise in translating subtitles by themselves and take on this type of job. It is convenient since a large percentage of players for DVDs, Blu-rays and videos are also made in their language - because subtitles are an important component.

The German film industry has been using subtitle translation services since the middle of the 1990s. This method was preferred to dubbing by many people in order to maintain the original feel of any given film or movie as well as its ambiance. This early development period saw one specialist company emerge that offered these kinds of services exclusively at first before developing into further varieties (such as subtitling animated films). Today there are numerous companies offering this service and they can translate anything from documentaries with very few dialogues to feature films with lots of dialogue and jokes use.

The development of subtitle translation services has been driven by the growth in demand for this type of work. However they have also become popular with people who do not speak the language of a film but want to get some idea about what is going on – such as children or people who are hard of hearing.

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